What's the difference between an android phone and an Android tablet?

What's the difference between an android phone and an Android tablet?

I want to Comparison between Android Tablet and Android Phone follow
condition below, but I can't search for result.
- Life circle of Activity and Fragment
- Api supported for our config, i.e. : Mac address, ip address, cell
number, IMSI, ...
- How about the orientation, notificaion.
- Multilanguage on Tablet.
- UI on table, which widget/control should change to avoid the issue.
Who can help me for my question.
Thank so much